Photo credit Lil Orphan Hammies
How to start an animal rescue
I am asked this question multiple times a week and I am not a rescue. I have lots of friends who are in the rescue business, but I am not and didn't have any one particular person to turn to in order to get this volume of information all put together in one document. I would like to say a BIG special thank you to Ms. Anne Garner for allowing me to publish her article with step by step instructions on how to get started. This is everything you need to consider along with instructions on how to do it. You would have to do ALOT of research to find tidbits of information and figure it out on your own, but Anne has put it all together for you...Thank you so much Anne!!
by Anne Gardner, founder, The Oscar Project For Animals
So you have decided that you want to open an animal rescue? Fabulous! There is definitely a need. The population of animals needing rescue is far greater than the current number of operating sanctuaries can accommodate so your new rescue will be full of new residents in no time.
Let's get started.
First we will do an inventory.
On a personal level, the most important qualities an animal rescuer can possess are honesty, common sense, open mindedness, common sense, willingness to persevere, common sense, an unbreakable spirit, common sense, passion for the cause, common sense and most important, COMMON SENSE. Please take this into consideration when completing the following survey.
Please answer the following questions HONESTLY:
Remember, lives will depend on you. These lives will already have had seen the worst humans have to offer so if you are thinking "Uh oh, I am not sure I can do this.", no worries. There are animal rescues all over the world who are eager for volunteers. Find one and offer to help. This is a great way to be of service, have none of the responsibility, be able to sleep in your bed at night (as opposed to on the floor with a sick/dying animal or on the bench at the emergency vet hospital), and you will be free to do what normal people do-take vacations.
1. Do you own your own property?
2. Is this property zoned for the species you will rescue and do you have the proper permits and registrations-both animal and business-related?
3. Is the property suited for the species you will rescue-is there enough room, adequate pasture, outbuildings, etc.?
4. Have you given extensive thought to the species you will rescue and honestly assessed your level of knowledge and skill with this species?
5. Are you prepared to seek further training to ensure you can provide the highest quality of care possible?
6. Have you thoroughly researched the costs involved in caring for this species?
7. Have you determined how many animals you can afford to take in?
8. Are you able to say "No, we are full.", even if it means an animal will die? Taking in too many animals is a major cause for the failure of rescues.
9. Are you familiar with the basics of running a business-business structure, budgets, bookkeeping, marketing, public relations, etc.?
10. Are you employed or have a dependable source of income that does not include child support, social security, promises of donations or contributions from any other 3rd party such as a spouse or significant other?
11. Have you developed a business plan that includes determining the type of business structure you will use (sole proprietorship, corporation-non-profit, etc.), mission statement, a budget (costs of housing, feed, veterinary care, business f-ling fees, etc.), market assessment, succession plan, etc.?
12. Do you have a disaster response plan and is this on file with the appropriate authorities as required? Some states require disaster response plans to be on file with the local animal control or state veterinarian.
13. Are there multiple veterinary services available in close proximity to the location of your rescue/sanctuary?
14. Are there multiple sources of food and supplies in close proximity?
15. If you choose to do adoptions do you have a detailed adoption application, adoption screening process, contract and are you prepared to enforce the terms of agreements made with adopters? Are you willing to confiscate animals if the adopters violate the terms of the adoption contract?
16. Are you in good health? If no, is your condition stabilized? Do you expect your health to deteriorate in the future?
17. Are your relationships stable? If you have a significant other do they support this venture?
18. Do you have a good support system-a network of close friends/relatives who can support you in a non-judgmental manner?
19. Are you able to accept constructive criticism?
20. Are you a good negotiator?
21. Are you a skilled project manager?
22. Are you easily stressed? Easily angered?
23. Are you goal oriented?
24. Do you have mental fortitude? Are you easily discouraged or do you do what it takes to accomplish your goals?
25. Do you have a true passion for the health and welfare of the species you want to rescue?
26. Do you have good time management?
27. Are you social media savvy?
28. Have you spent time with others who rescue the same species to learn how a rescue is run?
29. Are you willing to make sacrifices-time, money, vacations, leisure activities-to rescue animals?
30. Do you have someone who can step in and take over if something happens to you?
31. Have you had an open and honest conversation with this person and presented them with written instructions detailing where the animals will go and how they are to be cared for?
32. Have you made financial arrangements for care of the animals if something happens to you?
33. Do you have a will? A living will? Signed health care and financial power of attorney documents?
The above are only a few of the questions you will need to consider before launching your new venture. Please, for the sake of the animals, soberly reflect upon your honest answers to these questions before making the decision to open your rescue.
Business basics
A RESCUE IS A BUSINESS
Remember this. Tape this to your refrigerator, your bathroom mirror and to your forehead. If you do not know the basics of running a business you must not involve innocent lives until you have gained the necessary knowledge.
You will need to know what the following are, how to use and develop them. This is not the sexy side of rescue and I can see you rolling your eyes while saying "I don't need to know this nonsense. I will pay someone to do this for me." Well, Mr./Ms. Future Sanctuary Owner, you are mistaken. YOU need to know these things because even if you pay experts you need to verify their work and be able to understand it. You, and only you, are responsible at the end of the day for the impact these items will have on the innocent lives you have taken responsibility for. Furthermore, these services cost money. These services are necessary but if you can do most of the work and have the experts verify it you will save yourself money. You will need this to buy feed, pay vet bills, build housing and more.
Articles of incorporation: The document filed with the state agency as part of the application for non-profit status. This document will include the mission statement, names and addresses of the directors and other pertinent information.
Board of directors: If you choose to file for non-profit status you will need to develop a board of directors. The number of board members will vary but these individuals should be selected based on their expertise and passion for the organization's mission. These people are not your friends and relatives who offer to have their name on the paperwork for record keeping purposes only. These individuals must be able to actively participate in the organization's business and contribute expertise and guidance. They should be passionate about the mission and be knowledgeable or willing to learn. Most importantly these individuals must be able to work cohesively as a team. They will provide objective oversight to the organization's operations. The board member's dealings with the business should always be honest, ethical and non controversial.
By laws: The document which outlines in detail how the organization will be governed and how it will function. This document should include a list of and duties of each officer, how often the board meetings will be held, how officers will be elected, how long each will serve, voting policies, how finances will be handled, a conflict of interest clause, dissolution clause, succession plan and other pertinent information.
Financial statements/regulatory filings: Organization budget, statement of assets and other filings. You will need to know exactly what the organization's assets are and what they are worth. You will need to know how much it costs to run the business and how much your income is (donations, grants, etc.). You will also need to adhere to deadlines for filing annual reports with the state and federal government if you seek non-profit status, as well as other filings that may be mandated by your municipality.
Mission statement: A brief, concise statement outlining the purpose, scope and goals of your organization.
Type of business entity: You will need to decide if you will be a private rescue, solely funded by yourself, or will file for non-profit status.
Education and experience:
Before you start your venture take the time to do as many of the following as possible:
• Visit functioning rescues-volunteer as much as possible
• Do an internship if you can
• Join online forums
• Do ride alongs with the vet
• Talk to as many people as you can who rescue your target species and learn their best practices.
• Take a course in business management at your community college
• Learn wildlife rehab or take a veterinary assistant course. This is a good way to learn general anatomy and first aid.
• Attend Best Friends Animal Sanctuary's course on how to start an animal sanctuary:
http://bestfriends.org/What-We-Do/Events/Event-Items/How-to-Start-and-Run-an-Animal-Sanctuary/
These preliminary steps are critical. You will not have the opportunity to do them once you start taking in animals-funding, time and your energy will be limited.
Registering a non-profit organization in the United States:
• Check here to ensure the name is not taken nationally: http://www.irs.gov/Charities-&-Non-Profits/Exempt-Organizations-Select-Check
• Filing as a state non-profit (necessary to do prior to filing at the federal level). Search the corporate database on the Secretary of State website to ensure name is not taken.
• As an example, following is the process to start a non-profit in Rhode Island:
• Check the corporations database for name availability: http://ucc.state.ri.us/CorpSearch/CorpSearchInput.asp
• Options are available to file via mail or online. I have always used the online option. Filing fee is $35.
• Begin here: http://sos.ri.gov/business/acknowledgements/
• Link to go directly to online application: http://ucc.state.ri.us/loginsystem/login_form.asp
• Articles of incorporation must have 3 directors-all directors do not have to live in Rhode Island. Many grant-making agencies frown upon funding projects to organizations that have directors that are related.
• At the federal level, the United States IRS issues 501c3 status to organizations that meet the criteria of having a charitable mission.
• 501c3 status must be sought within 27 months of receiving state non-profit status
• Annual tax returns must be filed
• Check name availability: http://www.irs.gov/Charities-&-Non-Profits/Exempt-Organizations-Select-Check
• To begin the filing process: http://www.irs.gov/Charities-&-Non-Profits/Application-for-Recognition-of-Exemption
• Obtain an EIN#: https://sa.www4.irs.gov/modiein/individual/index.jsp
• IRS Form 1023 is used to apply for 501c3 status. If the organization qualifies, they may file Form 1023-EZ. Further information on 1023-EZ can be found here: http://www.irs.gov/uac/Form-1023,-Application-for-Recognition-of-Exemption
• Develop bylaws
• Fee is $400 if the organization’s gross receipts are under $10k for a 4-year period and $850 if they exceed or have exceeded $10k in 4 years
• Annual 990 returns are required and are published on Guidestar.org
Banking:
• In order to set up business accounts an EIN # from the IRS and proof of state non-profit filing is necessary. The State of RI no longer issues certificates-simply print out the registration screen and bring that to the bank.
• Link to obtain an EIN #: https://sa.www4.irs.gov/modiein/individual/index.jsp
• It is critical to avoid co-mingling of funds. Organizations must have their own bank accounts and funds must not be mixed with personal accounts. Annual financial statements should be created and ideally should be audited.
Funding:
• 501c3 status is necessary to receive grant funding. For example, in Rhode Island the major grant maker is the Rhode Island Foundation. However, once the RI non-profit application has been filed and accepted it may be possible to receive a legislative grant. Examples of past grants are available here: http://www.rilin.state.ri.us/pages/leggrants.aspx
• There are many different grant making agencies. All have different criteria and different application processes. It is critical to meet deadlines and follow grant application directions exactly. DO NOT depend on grants to fund your organization's operating budget. Grants should be used as supplemental funding only.
*Beware of scammers
People should be wary of paying someone to write grants and file 501c3 applications. There are a lot of scams out there. Time and time again I hear stories of rescues paying people thousands to write grants. They never get the grants and have nothing to show for it because they don't get a contract and scope of work signed before handing over money they need for food and vet bills. There is no such thing as quick money. There are unscrupulous parties who claim to have THE best way to file 501c3 applications and write grants. If anyone is to be hired there should be a scope of work agreed upon, including cost, timeframe to complete and detailed goals. If grants are written by a 3rd party the application should be given to the organization to sign and submit and the check should come to the organization. The grant author gets a cut of the grants they succeed in acquiring. Many scammers will tell people they need thousands up front. If there is no signed contract, once the money has changed hands it's gone. No longer available for feed, vet bills, transport or other necessary expenses. Buyer beware. Always do your research. Ask for references, websites, proof of past performance. Check the BBB. Check their LinkedIn profile. Check with any applicable business associations to see if they have been sanctioned. Make sure they are a registered business. Don't part with a penny before you are completely comfortable. If it helps put it in perspective think of it this way "If I write this check I am taking food out of the mouths of abused animals." Yes, some services are necessary and yes, you will have to hire people to perform work that is beyond your skill level. Just remember, use common sense. The animals are depending on you to do so.
• Politics. It is recommended that non-profits develop relationships with their legislators. In Rhode Island the legislators form the General Assembly. Find your legislators here if in RI: https://sos.ri.gov/vic/
• Private donors: Cultivating relationships with private donors is an art form. Acknowledge every donation personally, no matter how small, even when using crowdfunding sites. I will never forget the day I received a personal phone call from one of the founders of Best Friends Animal Sanctuary after donating $50 to their emergency rescue fund (BFAS is one of the largest sanctuaries in the country).
Radio/TV/podcasting /social media/website:
• Maintaining an internet presence is vital to the success and growth of non-profit organizations. Websites are easy to develop-there are many hosting companies available which have simple to use drag-and-drop options. Always maintain ownership of the domain name by purchasing it directly, either through WhoIs at www.whois.com or another domain name seller.
• Websites should be set up with a donate button linked directly to PayPal. Donate button should appear on every page, in my opinion
• Websites should be simple and most importantly, kept up to date. If given a choice between complicated graphics and keeping it simple so it’s easy to update, always go for the simple option.
• A presence on social media (Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, etc. etc.) is also necessary to engage donors, volunteers, funders and followers. Ideally aim to post once a day (posts can be pre-scheduled and apps such as Tweetdeck can be used to post to multiple social media sites at the same time). Monitor your statistics to learn when the best times are to engage followers. If possible, assign a trusted volunteer to be an alternate admin.
• If TV is your thing many states offer public access television. Rhode Island offers every citizen the opportunity to have their own television show on public access. http://www.pegri.tv/
• Link to RI media station listing: http://www.ribroadcasters.com/station-list/
• Hosting an internet radio show: There are a variety of services that offer the option to host an internet radio show. The advantage of internet radio is flexibility and it’s free. Services include: Blog Talk Radio, Talktainment Radio, Talk Zone, Voice America, Gab Radio, etc. etc.
Other avenues to get the word out:
• Networking via LinkedIn, Chamber of Commerce, etc. Basically tell everyone you come in contact with about your new venture-in RI people have unbelievable connections
• Speaking engagements- local libraries and community centers often have rooms available for free
• Email newsletters: often part of the hosting package through your internet service provider; other services include MyNewsletterBuilder (www.gomnb.com), Constant Contact, etc.
Sources of information and assistance for non-profits:
• Guidestar.org
• Networkforgood.org
• GreatNonProfits.org
• SBA.gov; link to creating a business plan: https://www.sba.gov/writing-business-plan
• Score.org: association of retired business executives who help small businesses; link to RI chapter: https://ri.score.org/chapters/rhode-island
• Trade associations
Volunteers:
Prior to bringing volunteers on your property, ensure you have adequate insurance coverage in the event there is an accident. Establish written rules and regulations which are given to volunteers. These rules and regulations should specify volunteer duties, places on the property that are and are not accessible, levels of approval required, etc. Clearly spell out that volunteers do not have the authority to act on the organization's behalf by setting up Facebook pages, online fundraisers, approaching businesses or individuals for donations, or making any agreements whatsoever without your consent. Well-meaning and passionate volunteers will often take the initiative to start a fundraiser or seek in-kind donations on their own but it is vital that all such activities be coordinated and approved by the board of directors first. Have volunteers acknowledge receipt of rules and regulations in writing. Maintain a current database of all volunteers and hold periodic volunteer thank you events.
Your volunteers are the lifeblood of your organization. They are making room in their busy schedules to perform often dirty, physically-demanding activities because they share your passion for helping animals. This sacrifice should be acknowledged often. Volunteers also have extraordinary ideas and time should be taken to listen to their suggestions. Do not take volunteers for granted-you never know when one of your volunteers will decide to start their own sanctuary, thus enabling more animals to be saved.
The last word and some advice:
As an animal rescuer you will see things that the general public does not see. You will see animals who have been savagely treated by your fellow humans. You will question your own morals and ethics. You may give up eating meat and become vegan after seeing the way "food" animals and lab animals are treated. Be prepared to become a different person.
Do not let what you see harden you towards society as a whole. The sociopaths you meet really are the minority as much as it does not seem so some days. There really are people who have no conscience and who abuse animals. There are people who will fight with you to justify their food choices. Remember that there was a day when you may not have been enlightened to the plight of animals and do not let sociopaths or apathetic people dampen your spirit. Your heart is special because you help animals. You are different but you are blessed because you recognize the problem and are doing something about it. Be a power of example. Be the person who promotes spay/neuter and educates against breeding. Be committed and patient. You never know who will become vegan after meeting the animals you have rescued.
Last but not least remember to take time for rest and reflection. If you have a spiritual connection ensure that you take time to nurture it. Rescue work is very hard. It is emotionally and physically demanding. Burnout rates are high. We expend tremendous amounts of energy to save animals, only to have to say goodbye to them eventually, either through adoption or euthanization (hopefully in old age). While it is wonderful to provide a lifelong home to an animal or see an animal placed in a happy home, these goodbyes add up and can take an emotional toll.
It is vital to take time to renew your spirit. Schedule rest time. Plan walks in the woods or coffee with friends. Make a point to acknowledge feelings and remember feelings are not always fact. Some days it will feel like no one understands, that there will never be enough money, that cures for diseases aren't found quick enough, aren't affordable enough and that it is unfair that innocent animals suffer. You may feel that you are not making a difference because you only saved xx # of animals. THIS IS A LIE. If you have made a difference in the life of only one animal you are a hero to that animal. Acknowledge your efforts, make note of the lessons learned and move on.
Finally, if you have the opportunity to help another rescuer, do so. There is a special place in hell for rescuers who do not help each other if the opportunity arises, who gossip and spread rumors. This is not a competition. We all have different definitions of quality of life and different methods of caring for animals. The goal is to save as many animals as possible.
Rock on and be brave!
Written By Anne Gardner, posted with permission 2015
by Anne Gardner, founder, The Oscar Project For Animals
So you have decided that you want to open an animal rescue? Fabulous! There is definitely a need. The population of animals needing rescue is far greater than the current number of operating sanctuaries can accommodate so your new rescue will be full of new residents in no time.
Let's get started.
First we will do an inventory.
On a personal level, the most important qualities an animal rescuer can possess are honesty, common sense, open mindedness, common sense, willingness to persevere, common sense, an unbreakable spirit, common sense, passion for the cause, common sense and most important, COMMON SENSE. Please take this into consideration when completing the following survey.
Please answer the following questions HONESTLY:
Remember, lives will depend on you. These lives will already have had seen the worst humans have to offer so if you are thinking "Uh oh, I am not sure I can do this.", no worries. There are animal rescues all over the world who are eager for volunteers. Find one and offer to help. This is a great way to be of service, have none of the responsibility, be able to sleep in your bed at night (as opposed to on the floor with a sick/dying animal or on the bench at the emergency vet hospital), and you will be free to do what normal people do-take vacations.
1. Do you own your own property?
2. Is this property zoned for the species you will rescue and do you have the proper permits and registrations-both animal and business-related?
3. Is the property suited for the species you will rescue-is there enough room, adequate pasture, outbuildings, etc.?
4. Have you given extensive thought to the species you will rescue and honestly assessed your level of knowledge and skill with this species?
5. Are you prepared to seek further training to ensure you can provide the highest quality of care possible?
6. Have you thoroughly researched the costs involved in caring for this species?
7. Have you determined how many animals you can afford to take in?
8. Are you able to say "No, we are full.", even if it means an animal will die? Taking in too many animals is a major cause for the failure of rescues.
9. Are you familiar with the basics of running a business-business structure, budgets, bookkeeping, marketing, public relations, etc.?
10. Are you employed or have a dependable source of income that does not include child support, social security, promises of donations or contributions from any other 3rd party such as a spouse or significant other?
11. Have you developed a business plan that includes determining the type of business structure you will use (sole proprietorship, corporation-non-profit, etc.), mission statement, a budget (costs of housing, feed, veterinary care, business f-ling fees, etc.), market assessment, succession plan, etc.?
12. Do you have a disaster response plan and is this on file with the appropriate authorities as required? Some states require disaster response plans to be on file with the local animal control or state veterinarian.
13. Are there multiple veterinary services available in close proximity to the location of your rescue/sanctuary?
14. Are there multiple sources of food and supplies in close proximity?
15. If you choose to do adoptions do you have a detailed adoption application, adoption screening process, contract and are you prepared to enforce the terms of agreements made with adopters? Are you willing to confiscate animals if the adopters violate the terms of the adoption contract?
16. Are you in good health? If no, is your condition stabilized? Do you expect your health to deteriorate in the future?
17. Are your relationships stable? If you have a significant other do they support this venture?
18. Do you have a good support system-a network of close friends/relatives who can support you in a non-judgmental manner?
19. Are you able to accept constructive criticism?
20. Are you a good negotiator?
21. Are you a skilled project manager?
22. Are you easily stressed? Easily angered?
23. Are you goal oriented?
24. Do you have mental fortitude? Are you easily discouraged or do you do what it takes to accomplish your goals?
25. Do you have a true passion for the health and welfare of the species you want to rescue?
26. Do you have good time management?
27. Are you social media savvy?
28. Have you spent time with others who rescue the same species to learn how a rescue is run?
29. Are you willing to make sacrifices-time, money, vacations, leisure activities-to rescue animals?
30. Do you have someone who can step in and take over if something happens to you?
31. Have you had an open and honest conversation with this person and presented them with written instructions detailing where the animals will go and how they are to be cared for?
32. Have you made financial arrangements for care of the animals if something happens to you?
33. Do you have a will? A living will? Signed health care and financial power of attorney documents?
The above are only a few of the questions you will need to consider before launching your new venture. Please, for the sake of the animals, soberly reflect upon your honest answers to these questions before making the decision to open your rescue.
Business basics
A RESCUE IS A BUSINESS
Remember this. Tape this to your refrigerator, your bathroom mirror and to your forehead. If you do not know the basics of running a business you must not involve innocent lives until you have gained the necessary knowledge.
You will need to know what the following are, how to use and develop them. This is not the sexy side of rescue and I can see you rolling your eyes while saying "I don't need to know this nonsense. I will pay someone to do this for me." Well, Mr./Ms. Future Sanctuary Owner, you are mistaken. YOU need to know these things because even if you pay experts you need to verify their work and be able to understand it. You, and only you, are responsible at the end of the day for the impact these items will have on the innocent lives you have taken responsibility for. Furthermore, these services cost money. These services are necessary but if you can do most of the work and have the experts verify it you will save yourself money. You will need this to buy feed, pay vet bills, build housing and more.
Articles of incorporation: The document filed with the state agency as part of the application for non-profit status. This document will include the mission statement, names and addresses of the directors and other pertinent information.
Board of directors: If you choose to file for non-profit status you will need to develop a board of directors. The number of board members will vary but these individuals should be selected based on their expertise and passion for the organization's mission. These people are not your friends and relatives who offer to have their name on the paperwork for record keeping purposes only. These individuals must be able to actively participate in the organization's business and contribute expertise and guidance. They should be passionate about the mission and be knowledgeable or willing to learn. Most importantly these individuals must be able to work cohesively as a team. They will provide objective oversight to the organization's operations. The board member's dealings with the business should always be honest, ethical and non controversial.
By laws: The document which outlines in detail how the organization will be governed and how it will function. This document should include a list of and duties of each officer, how often the board meetings will be held, how officers will be elected, how long each will serve, voting policies, how finances will be handled, a conflict of interest clause, dissolution clause, succession plan and other pertinent information.
Financial statements/regulatory filings: Organization budget, statement of assets and other filings. You will need to know exactly what the organization's assets are and what they are worth. You will need to know how much it costs to run the business and how much your income is (donations, grants, etc.). You will also need to adhere to deadlines for filing annual reports with the state and federal government if you seek non-profit status, as well as other filings that may be mandated by your municipality.
Mission statement: A brief, concise statement outlining the purpose, scope and goals of your organization.
Type of business entity: You will need to decide if you will be a private rescue, solely funded by yourself, or will file for non-profit status.
Education and experience:
Before you start your venture take the time to do as many of the following as possible:
• Visit functioning rescues-volunteer as much as possible
• Do an internship if you can
• Join online forums
• Do ride alongs with the vet
• Talk to as many people as you can who rescue your target species and learn their best practices.
• Take a course in business management at your community college
• Learn wildlife rehab or take a veterinary assistant course. This is a good way to learn general anatomy and first aid.
• Attend Best Friends Animal Sanctuary's course on how to start an animal sanctuary:
http://bestfriends.org/What-We-Do/Events/Event-Items/How-to-Start-and-Run-an-Animal-Sanctuary/
These preliminary steps are critical. You will not have the opportunity to do them once you start taking in animals-funding, time and your energy will be limited.
Registering a non-profit organization in the United States:
• Check here to ensure the name is not taken nationally: http://www.irs.gov/Charities-&-Non-Profits/Exempt-Organizations-Select-Check
• Filing as a state non-profit (necessary to do prior to filing at the federal level). Search the corporate database on the Secretary of State website to ensure name is not taken.
• As an example, following is the process to start a non-profit in Rhode Island:
• Check the corporations database for name availability: http://ucc.state.ri.us/CorpSearch/CorpSearchInput.asp
• Options are available to file via mail or online. I have always used the online option. Filing fee is $35.
• Begin here: http://sos.ri.gov/business/acknowledgements/
• Link to go directly to online application: http://ucc.state.ri.us/loginsystem/login_form.asp
• Articles of incorporation must have 3 directors-all directors do not have to live in Rhode Island. Many grant-making agencies frown upon funding projects to organizations that have directors that are related.
• At the federal level, the United States IRS issues 501c3 status to organizations that meet the criteria of having a charitable mission.
• 501c3 status must be sought within 27 months of receiving state non-profit status
• Annual tax returns must be filed
• Check name availability: http://www.irs.gov/Charities-&-Non-Profits/Exempt-Organizations-Select-Check
• To begin the filing process: http://www.irs.gov/Charities-&-Non-Profits/Application-for-Recognition-of-Exemption
• Obtain an EIN#: https://sa.www4.irs.gov/modiein/individual/index.jsp
• IRS Form 1023 is used to apply for 501c3 status. If the organization qualifies, they may file Form 1023-EZ. Further information on 1023-EZ can be found here: http://www.irs.gov/uac/Form-1023,-Application-for-Recognition-of-Exemption
• Develop bylaws
• Fee is $400 if the organization’s gross receipts are under $10k for a 4-year period and $850 if they exceed or have exceeded $10k in 4 years
• Annual 990 returns are required and are published on Guidestar.org
Banking:
• In order to set up business accounts an EIN # from the IRS and proof of state non-profit filing is necessary. The State of RI no longer issues certificates-simply print out the registration screen and bring that to the bank.
• Link to obtain an EIN #: https://sa.www4.irs.gov/modiein/individual/index.jsp
• It is critical to avoid co-mingling of funds. Organizations must have their own bank accounts and funds must not be mixed with personal accounts. Annual financial statements should be created and ideally should be audited.
Funding:
• 501c3 status is necessary to receive grant funding. For example, in Rhode Island the major grant maker is the Rhode Island Foundation. However, once the RI non-profit application has been filed and accepted it may be possible to receive a legislative grant. Examples of past grants are available here: http://www.rilin.state.ri.us/pages/leggrants.aspx
• There are many different grant making agencies. All have different criteria and different application processes. It is critical to meet deadlines and follow grant application directions exactly. DO NOT depend on grants to fund your organization's operating budget. Grants should be used as supplemental funding only.
*Beware of scammers
People should be wary of paying someone to write grants and file 501c3 applications. There are a lot of scams out there. Time and time again I hear stories of rescues paying people thousands to write grants. They never get the grants and have nothing to show for it because they don't get a contract and scope of work signed before handing over money they need for food and vet bills. There is no such thing as quick money. There are unscrupulous parties who claim to have THE best way to file 501c3 applications and write grants. If anyone is to be hired there should be a scope of work agreed upon, including cost, timeframe to complete and detailed goals. If grants are written by a 3rd party the application should be given to the organization to sign and submit and the check should come to the organization. The grant author gets a cut of the grants they succeed in acquiring. Many scammers will tell people they need thousands up front. If there is no signed contract, once the money has changed hands it's gone. No longer available for feed, vet bills, transport or other necessary expenses. Buyer beware. Always do your research. Ask for references, websites, proof of past performance. Check the BBB. Check their LinkedIn profile. Check with any applicable business associations to see if they have been sanctioned. Make sure they are a registered business. Don't part with a penny before you are completely comfortable. If it helps put it in perspective think of it this way "If I write this check I am taking food out of the mouths of abused animals." Yes, some services are necessary and yes, you will have to hire people to perform work that is beyond your skill level. Just remember, use common sense. The animals are depending on you to do so.
• Politics. It is recommended that non-profits develop relationships with their legislators. In Rhode Island the legislators form the General Assembly. Find your legislators here if in RI: https://sos.ri.gov/vic/
• Private donors: Cultivating relationships with private donors is an art form. Acknowledge every donation personally, no matter how small, even when using crowdfunding sites. I will never forget the day I received a personal phone call from one of the founders of Best Friends Animal Sanctuary after donating $50 to their emergency rescue fund (BFAS is one of the largest sanctuaries in the country).
Radio/TV/podcasting /social media/website:
• Maintaining an internet presence is vital to the success and growth of non-profit organizations. Websites are easy to develop-there are many hosting companies available which have simple to use drag-and-drop options. Always maintain ownership of the domain name by purchasing it directly, either through WhoIs at www.whois.com or another domain name seller.
• Websites should be set up with a donate button linked directly to PayPal. Donate button should appear on every page, in my opinion
• Websites should be simple and most importantly, kept up to date. If given a choice between complicated graphics and keeping it simple so it’s easy to update, always go for the simple option.
• A presence on social media (Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, etc. etc.) is also necessary to engage donors, volunteers, funders and followers. Ideally aim to post once a day (posts can be pre-scheduled and apps such as Tweetdeck can be used to post to multiple social media sites at the same time). Monitor your statistics to learn when the best times are to engage followers. If possible, assign a trusted volunteer to be an alternate admin.
• If TV is your thing many states offer public access television. Rhode Island offers every citizen the opportunity to have their own television show on public access. http://www.pegri.tv/
• Link to RI media station listing: http://www.ribroadcasters.com/station-list/
• Hosting an internet radio show: There are a variety of services that offer the option to host an internet radio show. The advantage of internet radio is flexibility and it’s free. Services include: Blog Talk Radio, Talktainment Radio, Talk Zone, Voice America, Gab Radio, etc. etc.
Other avenues to get the word out:
• Networking via LinkedIn, Chamber of Commerce, etc. Basically tell everyone you come in contact with about your new venture-in RI people have unbelievable connections
• Speaking engagements- local libraries and community centers often have rooms available for free
• Email newsletters: often part of the hosting package through your internet service provider; other services include MyNewsletterBuilder (www.gomnb.com), Constant Contact, etc.
Sources of information and assistance for non-profits:
• Guidestar.org
• Networkforgood.org
• GreatNonProfits.org
• SBA.gov; link to creating a business plan: https://www.sba.gov/writing-business-plan
• Score.org: association of retired business executives who help small businesses; link to RI chapter: https://ri.score.org/chapters/rhode-island
• Trade associations
Volunteers:
Prior to bringing volunteers on your property, ensure you have adequate insurance coverage in the event there is an accident. Establish written rules and regulations which are given to volunteers. These rules and regulations should specify volunteer duties, places on the property that are and are not accessible, levels of approval required, etc. Clearly spell out that volunteers do not have the authority to act on the organization's behalf by setting up Facebook pages, online fundraisers, approaching businesses or individuals for donations, or making any agreements whatsoever without your consent. Well-meaning and passionate volunteers will often take the initiative to start a fundraiser or seek in-kind donations on their own but it is vital that all such activities be coordinated and approved by the board of directors first. Have volunteers acknowledge receipt of rules and regulations in writing. Maintain a current database of all volunteers and hold periodic volunteer thank you events.
Your volunteers are the lifeblood of your organization. They are making room in their busy schedules to perform often dirty, physically-demanding activities because they share your passion for helping animals. This sacrifice should be acknowledged often. Volunteers also have extraordinary ideas and time should be taken to listen to their suggestions. Do not take volunteers for granted-you never know when one of your volunteers will decide to start their own sanctuary, thus enabling more animals to be saved.
The last word and some advice:
As an animal rescuer you will see things that the general public does not see. You will see animals who have been savagely treated by your fellow humans. You will question your own morals and ethics. You may give up eating meat and become vegan after seeing the way "food" animals and lab animals are treated. Be prepared to become a different person.
Do not let what you see harden you towards society as a whole. The sociopaths you meet really are the minority as much as it does not seem so some days. There really are people who have no conscience and who abuse animals. There are people who will fight with you to justify their food choices. Remember that there was a day when you may not have been enlightened to the plight of animals and do not let sociopaths or apathetic people dampen your spirit. Your heart is special because you help animals. You are different but you are blessed because you recognize the problem and are doing something about it. Be a power of example. Be the person who promotes spay/neuter and educates against breeding. Be committed and patient. You never know who will become vegan after meeting the animals you have rescued.
Last but not least remember to take time for rest and reflection. If you have a spiritual connection ensure that you take time to nurture it. Rescue work is very hard. It is emotionally and physically demanding. Burnout rates are high. We expend tremendous amounts of energy to save animals, only to have to say goodbye to them eventually, either through adoption or euthanization (hopefully in old age). While it is wonderful to provide a lifelong home to an animal or see an animal placed in a happy home, these goodbyes add up and can take an emotional toll.
It is vital to take time to renew your spirit. Schedule rest time. Plan walks in the woods or coffee with friends. Make a point to acknowledge feelings and remember feelings are not always fact. Some days it will feel like no one understands, that there will never be enough money, that cures for diseases aren't found quick enough, aren't affordable enough and that it is unfair that innocent animals suffer. You may feel that you are not making a difference because you only saved xx # of animals. THIS IS A LIE. If you have made a difference in the life of only one animal you are a hero to that animal. Acknowledge your efforts, make note of the lessons learned and move on.
Finally, if you have the opportunity to help another rescuer, do so. There is a special place in hell for rescuers who do not help each other if the opportunity arises, who gossip and spread rumors. This is not a competition. We all have different definitions of quality of life and different methods of caring for animals. The goal is to save as many animals as possible.
Rock on and be brave!
Written By Anne Gardner, posted with permission 2015
I also wanted to add the importance of having a plan in place for end of life care. Whether that be your animals or yourself. If a caretaker for a rescue passes away unexpectedly, what happens to the animals? Is there anyone to care for them? Is there any funding set aside for their care?
Please make sure when you are deciding on starting a rescue that you also consider making plans in the event of an untimely death or unplanned closure. Have a will, set aside some funding to continue the care for your animals. Find people you trust and ask them to be a part of your back up plan. You can write whatever YOU want in YOUR will. These are created so your wishes can be followed. Update this as often as needed, but remember to think carefully about the people you chose to follow in your footsteps. Make sure you chose responsibly and have some kind of manual on day to day operations or these people know how you operate your rescue/sanctuary so your animals will not suffer because of your failure to plan ahead. When you make a decision to start a rescue or organization that cares for unwanted animals on a temporary or permanent basis, you also need to have a plan in place for those animals to be cared for in your absence. People don't plan on getting sick, they don't plan on dying (usually), these are known obstacles though and need to be considered when you are starting up your organization.
Here is another great link written by FARM sanctuary about how to start and operate a farm animal sanctuary, step by step.
http://www.farmsanctuary.org/How-to-Start-a-Farm-Animal-Sanctuary
Brittany
Please make sure when you are deciding on starting a rescue that you also consider making plans in the event of an untimely death or unplanned closure. Have a will, set aside some funding to continue the care for your animals. Find people you trust and ask them to be a part of your back up plan. You can write whatever YOU want in YOUR will. These are created so your wishes can be followed. Update this as often as needed, but remember to think carefully about the people you chose to follow in your footsteps. Make sure you chose responsibly and have some kind of manual on day to day operations or these people know how you operate your rescue/sanctuary so your animals will not suffer because of your failure to plan ahead. When you make a decision to start a rescue or organization that cares for unwanted animals on a temporary or permanent basis, you also need to have a plan in place for those animals to be cared for in your absence. People don't plan on getting sick, they don't plan on dying (usually), these are known obstacles though and need to be considered when you are starting up your organization.
Here is another great link written by FARM sanctuary about how to start and operate a farm animal sanctuary, step by step.
http://www.farmsanctuary.org/How-to-Start-a-Farm-Animal-Sanctuary
Brittany